雅思写作如何写出高分句型？考官喜欢什么样的高分句型？

　　雅思写作如何写出高分句型？这个首先就要来看看评分标准，评分标准中的最后一个GRA明确考察了学生写英语句子的多样性和准确性，也就是说雅思写作主要考验考生简单句和复杂句的综合应用能力。中国考生也知道句式表达要多样化，但很难理解如何操作才能让自己的句子丰富多样。结果一般句式比较简单，写复杂结构的时候往往会堆斥各种从句。似乎除了从句，没有其他复杂的结构可以写。事实上，剑桥考官的范文中复杂句的数量很少，简单句经常被华丽包装。今天我们来看看考官喜欢什么样的高分句型，和你想象的有没有差距！

　　1，状语前置

　　所谓状语前置就是把状语（副词，介词短语，分词，不定式）放到句首。考官会频繁使用这种语法结构，而很多考生却没有意识，这种句式通过一堆长句子中出现一个小短语，可以让句子产生长短结合的紧凑感，实例如下：

　　1）Unfortunately, professionals from otherfields who make a much greater contributions to human society, are paid so muchless that it is hard to disagree with the statement.

　　2）Obviously, education systems are based onthe belief that all children can effectively be taught to acquire differentskills.

　　3）Like self-awareness,this is also very difficult to achieve, but I think these are the two factorsthat may be most important for achieving happiness.

　　4）As a result of mediaattention, sports professionals in my country have become stars and celebrities.

　　5）With the politicalwill, such measures could really reduce the amount of rubbish we produce.

　　2，句中插入短语

　　和状语前置类似，长句子中间插入一个小短语，可以让句子读起来更轻松灵活。考官实例如下：

　　1）This will affect the job market, which, afterall, is a key target in any economic plan.

　　2）Sports stars and pop stars,for example, are soon replaced by the neat younger, more energetic generation.

　　3）So overall, I believethat, attending schools from a young age is good for most children.

　　4）Universities, when itis functioning well, should offer both theoretical knowledge as well asprofessional training

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　　3，倒装句

　　这种语法现象考生都学过，但往往在作文中忘记或没有意识使用。先看两个例子：

　　1）Parents should spend time on theirchildren. They should also communicate with them.

　　2) We can never losesight of the significance of education.

　　这两个句子没有任何错误，但都很单调平淡，如果使用倒装，效果就不一样了。

　　第一句可以用not only t also 句型来改写成倒装句：Not only should parents spent time on their children, they are alsoadvised to interact with them.

　　第二句可以否定词提前，强调突出“不可忽视”。On no account/by nomeans/ in no way/never can we lose sight of the significance of education.

　　考官范文中的倒装例子并不多，主要体现在以下几种情况中：

　　1）Only in this way can this problem beeffectively solved.

　　2）We can see that not only are there verylarge differences between these economies, but that these gaps are widening.

　　3）Strange as it may seem, parents’ attention sometimeshinders students’academic development.

　　4）Equally important to success in learning a foreignlanguage is constant attention to details.

　　考生在平时的语言积累和写作练习中，可以多模仿这几种固定句式，在文章中穿插1-2句倒装句。

　　4，强调句

　　强调句的句式框架结构为It is+（被强调的成分） that/who+（句子剩余成分）, 类似于中文的“正是…导致了…”的意思。例如，考官范文中的例句：

　　1）It is the interaction of the two thatshapes a person’ personality and dictates how that personalitydevelops.

　　2）It is only those who reach the very top of theirprofession who can get these huge salaries.

　　强调句式是考生比较难把握的一种句型，容易和it引导的形式主语相混淆，其实我们可以通过去掉It is… that…/It is…who…的框架看剩下的是否是一个完整的句子来判断强调句写的是否正确。

　　考生可以以通过以上几种句式结构的介绍，搭配简单句去使用，让句式灵活多变，例如：

　　例如：“二十世纪末科技的繁荣，人们开始广泛使用电脑”

　　这句话可以分别用以上介绍的句式结构来变化表达法，使句子做到丰富多变，不再单一重复：

　　1）witness 句型

　　Thelate 20th century witnessed the prosperity in science and technology, thusgiving rise to the wide application of computers.

　　2) With 结构状语前置

　　With the prosperityin science and technology in the late 20th century, computers were widelyapplied.

　　3) 倒装句

　　So flourishing wasthe science and technology in the late 20th century that computers were widelyapplied in various fronts.

　　4) 强调句

　　Itwas the prosperity in science and technology in the late 20th century that gaverise to the wide application of computers.

　　5，平行结构

　　严格来讲，平行结构并不属于特殊句式，而是英语语法的规范要求，但是由于遵守这个基本语法规则的中国考生太少了，平行结构也升级成了一种“特殊句式”。这种结构的使用在考官范文里出现较多，最常见的形式是在表示并列关系的连接词，例如 and/or等的前后两侧用名词对名词，形容词对形容词，动词不定式对动词不定式，分词短语对分词短语，从句对从句…比如：

　　1）Satisfaction is alsoincreased by a sense of responsibility for and loyal to a team.

　　2） Even when childrenuse a computer for other purposes, such as getting information or emailingfriends, it is no substitute for human interaction.

　　3）Some essays are hardto understand not because they are long but because they are obscure.

　　4）They will certainlybe the first th help children learn what is important in life, how they areexpected to behave and what role they will play in their world.

　　剑桥考官在范文中严格遵守平行原则，考生希望在这个写作细节的句式上也能与官方范文一致。

　　看到这里，同学们不难发现，在考官范文和官方剑桥书后的高分范文中，各种复杂的句型都不是高分的标准。最重要的是把握文章的整体，合理运用各种句型，保证文章的逻辑和流畅性。当然，正确的语法结构也是必不可少的评分标准之一！

　　学生在备考时要注意这一点，避免重度使用复杂句式而忽略文章中提到的其他评分点。