在英语考试中有判断题这样的题型,虽然根据概率来算,正确率高达50%,但是,同学们还是能绕过正确答案,选错。你真的会做判断题吗?本文,小编为大家分享一些做判断题的方法,希望能帮到大家!
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在是非无判断题的考试中,考生要对试卷上所出的一系列命题(及陈述句)进行判断。如果这些陈述句是反映观点或者态度的,那么考生的任务就是判断这些句子是否和作者的观点一致。在这种情况下,答案的选择是“YES”,“NO”或者是“Not Given”。如果这些陈述句表述的内容是有关事实信息,那么考生就要判断这些句子是否和文中的信息一致。在这种情况下,答案的选择是“True”, “False”或者是”Not Given“。
学生通常发现这种题型很难。其中的原因之一是这些学生习惯于做True和False题目,其中的false涵盖了false和not given两种情况。所以当学生在做true,false和not given的题目时他们无法区分三个不同种类的矛盾对立状况和“not given“的区别。因此学生要理解”false“的含义。总共有三种矛盾对立状况:
1. 叙述与原文内容对立(相反)
2. 叙述与原文对立(相反),因为叙述否定原文内容
3. 叙述信息既不成立(相反)也不否定,但是和原文内容不符
Example1
原文:Hurricanes have winds of at least 74 miles per hour.
题目:Hurricanes are winds with the speed of up to 74 miles per hour.
分析:由于原文中的核心内容是“at least 74 miles per hour”,而题目中是“up to 74 miles per hour”。因此,这就是false的第一种情况:叙述与原文内容对立(相反)。
Example2
原文: As forecasting improved communities were no longer surprised by hurricanes and could take measure to evacuate ahead of the storm. While destruction still continues, the number of deaths in hurricanes has dropped significantly.
题目: The destruction caused by hurricanes has ceased due to improvements in forecasting.
分析: 原文的核心内容是“while destruction still continue”, 而题目中的内容是“the destruction caused by hurricanes has ceased”。因此,这就是false的第二种情况:叙述否定原文内容。
Example 3
原文: in 1609,a fleet of ships carrying settlers from England to Virginia USA was struck by a hurricane. Some of the ships were damaged and part of the fleet grounded on Bermuda, an isolated nation in the Atlantic. These passengers became the first people to live on Bermuda.
题目: The first people to live on Bermuda were settlers who chose to live there as alternative to England.
分析:通过原文和题目比较我们发现:没有明显的对比和否定的词汇出现。而是通过句式结构的转换产生了题目和文章信息的矛盾。因此,这就是false的第三种情况。
那么,not given是如何判断呢?我们再来看一个例子
Example 4
原文: The Mayans also showed their respect for hurricanes by building their major settlements away from the hurricane-prone coast-line.
题目:The Mayans lost many of their major settlements because of hurricanes.
分析:尽管题目和原文中有对应的词出现:the Mayans和 major settlements, 但是题目中的因果关系在文中并没有体现。也没有出现有关“lost”的相应表述。因此我们可以判断此题为not given。